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Standard pallet sizes are not the same everywhere. In North America, the GMA 48×40 inches (1219×1016 mm) pallet is the benchmark, while Europe, Asia, and Australia rely on different sizes. Choosing the wrong size can lead to wasted trailer space, customs delays, or racks that simply don’t fit.
This guide walks you through the most common standards—North American GMA pallets, Euro pallets, ISO-approved dimensions, and country-specific sizes—so you can plan shipments with confidence. And because many industries now prefer plastic pallets, we’ll also show how they bring extra precision, hygiene, and durability compared to wood.
What Are the Standard Pallet Sizes?
Standard pallet sizes are not globally unified. Different countries and organizations define their own “standard” pallet dimensions based on local logistics, industry practices, and container compatibility. To better understand, let’s start with the North American definition.
North American Pallet Sizes
In North America, including Canada, the standard pallet size is 48×40 inches (1219×1016 mm), widely known as the GMA pallet. This size is commonly used across both Canadian and U.S. supply chains, accounting for more than 30% of all pallets in circulation. The standard pallet height is around 6.5 inches, making it easy to handle with forklifts and pallet jacks in warehouses and trailers.
Beyond the 48×40 GMA pallet, two other pallet dimensions are also common:
- 42×42 inches pallet – originally designed for transporting mortar rounds, it is now widely adopted in the telecommunications, paint, and coatings industries.
- 48×48 inches pallet – primarily used in the chemical industry, this size is ideal for safely storing and transporting 55-gallon drums.
In addition to these, North American supply chains also rely on several other popular pallet sizes tailored to different industries:
| Dimensions (mm) W × L | Dimensions (inches) W × L | Typical Industry Applications |
|---|---|---|
| 914 × 914 | 36 × 36 | Beverage distribution (water, soft drinks, juices) |
| 1016 × 1016 | 40 × 40 | Dairy sector (milk crates and related products) |
| 1219 × 1143 | 48 × 45 | Automotive industry (parts and components) |
| 1219 × 914 | 48 × 36 | Packaged paper, shingles, and beverages |
| 889 × 1156 | 35 × 45.5 | Military applications (half ISO container fit) |
European Pallet Sizes
The European pallet—often called the EUR-pallet, EUR-1 pallet, Euro-pallet, or EPAL-pallet—was first introduced in 1961 by the International Union of Railways (UIC). Based on a Swedish design, it was created to bring order and consistency to pallet usage across European rail and logistics systems.
European pallet dimensions are 1200 × 800 × 144 mm, with a typical weight of around 25 kg. The height is fixed at 144 mm, slightly lower than the common North American pallet, because Europe’s logistics network continues to follow its long-established standard.
But here’s the catch: the 1200 × 800 mm footprint does not line up neatly with ISO shipping containers, which means wasted gaps and less-than-optimal use of loading space in international transport.
Even with that limitation, the Euro pallet still dominates the global market. Today, an estimated 350 to 500 million units are in circulation, making it the backbone of countless supply chains.
Other Common European Pallet Standards:
| Pallet Type | Dimensions (mm) W × L | Dimensions (inches) W × L | Typical Industry Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| EUR 2 | 1200 × 1000 | 47.24 × 39.37 | Retail distribution, consumer goods |
| EUR 3 | 1000 × 1200 | 39.37 × 47.24 | Chemical and industrial sectors |
| EUR 6 | 800 × 600 | 31.50 × 23.62 | Beverage crates, smaller retail loads |
ISO Standard Pallet Sizes
Pallet dimensions used to differ so much from one country to another that international shipments often meant switching pallets mid-journey—slow, costly, and frustrating. To solve this, ISO introduced six standard pallet sizes to make shipping smoother, reduce wasted space, and improve global logistics compatibility. That doesn’t mean ISO created a single “global size.” Instead, these six formats give exporters a reliable guide to avoid extra handling, unexpected fees, and time delays when moving goods across borders. Here are the key ISO specifications you should know:
| Dimensions (mm) W × L | Dimensions (inches) W × L | Typical Regions / Countries |
|---|---|---|
| 1016 × 1219 | 40 × 48 | North America (GMA pallet) |
| 1000 × 1200 | 39.37 × 47.24 | Europe & Asia (Industrial use) |
| 1165 × 1165 | 45.9 × 45.9 | Australia (rail transport standard) |
| 1067 × 1067 | 42 × 42 | North America, Europe, Asia (chemicals, telecom) |
| 1100 × 1100 | 43.3 × 43.3 | Asia (Japan, Korea, China) |
| 800 × 1200 | 31.5 × 47.24 | Europe (Euro pallet, EPAL/EUR 1) |
Australian Standard Pallet Size
The Australian standard pallet measures 1165 × 1165 × 150 mm. Typically made from either softwood or hardwood, it is designed to carry loads of 1–2 tons and can be safely used in racking systems.
This specific dimension was originally created to fit perfectly into RACE (Railways of Australia Container Express) containers, which were wider than international ISO containers. Over time, Australia’s entire domestic logistics system was built around this size, making it a fixed national standard.
However, because the 1165 × 1165 mm footprint does not align with 20-foot (6.1 m) and 40-foot (12 m) ISO containers, exporters often switch to 1100 × 1100 mm pallets when loading goods into ISO shipping containers.
At the same time, even though 1165 × 1165 mm is the official standard, different industries across Australia rely on other pallet sizes to meet their specific needs:
- Pharmaceuticals: often rely on 1200 × 800 mm pallets, easier to handle in cleanrooms and perfectly aligned with global pharma packaging.
- Chemicals: frequently use 1300 × 1100 mm pallets for drums, bulk powders, and hazardous goods, where extra strength and surface area are critical.
- Automotive: typically choose 1200 × 1100 mm pallets, matching parts bins and ensuring smooth return logistics.
- Food & Beverage: often turn to 1200 × 1000 mm pallets, which make exports easier because they are closer to ISO and Euro standards.
Standard Pallet Sizes in Other Countries
Knowing the standard pallet sizes used in different countries helps you match local logistics systems directly and avoid costly adjustments. Here is a reference to the most common dimensions worldwide.
| Dimensions (mm) W × L | Dimensions (inches) W × L | Country / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| 1200 × 1000 | 47.24 × 39.37 | Mexico Pallet Standard |
| 1219 × 1016 | 48 × 40 | Mexico (North American trade alignment) |
| 1100 × 1100 | 43.3 × 43.3 | Malaysia Pallet Standard |
| 1200 × 1000 | 47.24 × 39.37 | Malaysia Pallet Standard |
| 1200 × 1000 | 47.24 × 39.37 | United Kingdom Pallet Standard |
| 1200 × 800 | 47.24 × 31.5 | United Kingdom (Euro pallet standard) |
| 1100 × 1100 | 43.3 × 43.3 | Singapore Pallet Standard |
| 1200 × 1000 | 47.24 × 39.37 | Singapore Pallet Standard |
| 1219 × 1016 | 48 × 40 | Canada (aligned with U.S. GMA standard) |
| 1200 × 1100 | 47.24 × 43.3 | Japan / Asia Pallet Standard |
| 1100 × 1100 | 43.3 × 43.3 | Japan / Asia (widely used in Korea, SE Asia) |
How Do Standard Pallet Sizes Affect Logistics and Warehouse Operations?
Once you know the standard pallet size for your target market, the next step is making sure it actually works with your setup. The right pallet size does three things at once:
- it maximizes warehouse space
- fits smoothly into containers and trucks
- keeps forklifts or automated systems running without interruptions.
For example, a 48×40 in pallet loads efficiently in North America, while a 1200×800 mm pallet is the safe choice in Europe. Before placing an order, always check that your pallet dimensions match local racking, container slots, and handling equipment—this simple step prevents wasted space, delays, and extra costs down the line.
How to Choose the Right Pallet Size for Your Business
Once you’ve confirmed the standard pallet size for your destination country, the real work begins: making sure the pallet also matches your product load, handling systems, and warehouse layout. Overlooking these details can still lead to inefficiency and unexpected costs.
Ask yourself these key questions:
- Product weight and stability: Is your load light and high-volume, or heavy and concentrated? Fragile goods may need a solid deck to avoid pressure points, while bulk loads often require double-faced pallets for better stability.
- Handling and storage method: Will pallets go into high racks, through automated conveyors, or be handled manually? Full-perimeter or 3-runner bases are rackable and prevent deflection, while nestable bases save space for lighter shipments.
- Hygiene and environment: Does your supply chain involve food, pharma, or cold chain logistics? Plastic pallets are washable, moisture-resistant, and consistent in dimension—making them safer for sensitive industries than wood.
Here’s a quick reference to help you decide:
| Condition / Requirement | Better Choice | Why it works |
|---|---|---|
| Heavy goods, high stacking | Rackable pallet with 3-runner or full-perimeter base | Supports high racking loads, reduces bending |
| Fragile or bagged products | Solid deck pallet | Prevents sagging and protects small packaging |
| Export with return logistics | Nestable plastic pallet | Reduces empty-return volume, lightweight |
| Cold chain / pharma | Hygienic plastic pallet, smooth deck | Easy to sanitize, no moisture absorption |
| Chemical drums / hazardous | CP pallets or reinforced plastic | Meets safety standards, withstands chemicals |
| Automated warehouses | Plastic pallet with precise molding & RFID option | Ensures seamless fit in conveyors & AS/RS |
Final check before ordering: Don’t just match the footprint to your destination. Confirm the pallet’s base design, deck type, and material against your racks, forklifts, and container loading plan. This is the step that separates a pallet that “fits” from one that truly optimizes your logistics.
Why Standard Pallet Sizes Also Matter for Plastic Pallets
Standard sizes aren’t just for wooden pallets. If you’re using plastic pallet dimensions, you’ll notice they match key sizes like 48×40 inches or 1200×800 mm. Why? Because these sizes are designed to work across the logistics chain.
Here’s how plastic pallets add extra value to standard sizes:
Precision: Unlike wood, plastic pallets maintain consistent pallet measurements. Whether it’s the standard pallet length or standard pallet height, the molded design ensures uniformity—ideal for racking and automated systems.
Durability and Hygiene: Plastic pallets handle moisture, chemicals, and cleaning much better than wood. That’s why industries like food, pharmaceuticals, and cleanrooms prefer them. They don’t just fit international pallet dimensions; they survive harsh environments.
Opciones de personalización: Need special features? Plastic pallets can include RFID tags, color coding, or drainage holes while still aligning with typical pallet size standards. No need to compromise on operational needs.
“Choosing plastic pallets with standard dimensions means you’re not just following specs—you’re optimizing your supply chain.”
If you’re aiming for precision, durability, and compliance while sticking to recognized standard pallet dimensions, plastic pallets might be your best choice. They don’t just meet the standards; they make them work smarter.
When Do You Really Need Custom Pallets?
Most shipments run smoothly on standard pallet sizes. But there are moments when “standard” just doesn’t cut it—and that’s when custom pallets step in.
Typical scenarios where custom pallets make sense:
- Oversized or irregular products: Machinery, furniture, or equipment that simply won’t sit safely on a 48×40 in or 1200×800 mm pallet.
- Pharma and food supply chains: Cleanroom and cold-chain logistics demand hygienic pallets with smooth decks, easy wash-down, and exact dimensions. Plastic designs excel here.
- Chemical and hazardous goods: Drums, resins, or powders often require CP pallets or reinforced plastic pallets that resist chemicals and keep loads stable.
- Automated warehouses: AS/RS systems and conveyors need pallets with perfect molding accuracy, RFID options, and zero deck warping—qualities that plastic pallets deliver better than wood.
How to know if it’s time to go custom?
If your pallets are wasting space, causing rework in automation, failing hygiene checks, or struggling with weight stability, standard options won’t fix it. Custom plastic pallets give you control: the right base type for your racks, the right deck design for your product, and the right material for your environment.
In short, custom pallets aren’t just bigger or smaller—they’re smarter, safer, and designed to match your exact operation.
Conclusión
Understanding standard pallet sizes is just the beginning. With us as your trusted plastic pallet manufacturer, you get tailored solutions that streamline logistics, reduce risks, and cut costs.
Our plastic pallets fit your product’s exact needs—ensuring smoother operations, less waste, and maximum efficiency. No more costly delays or repacking.
Stop settling for one-size-fits-all. Our custom plastic pallets are built from eco-friendly materials, designed for seamless use in containers, trailers, and forklifts, and fully compliant with ISO 9001 standards. Let’s create the perfect solution for your business today.
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